Louis begon



L. BEGON.

Plow.

Patented May 11, I880.

FIG.

FIG. 2

. 94 S S E N H w INVENTOH N. PETERS, FHUTO-UTHOGRAFHER, WASHINGTON, D, C

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LOUIS BEGON, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.

PLOW.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 227,405, dated May 11, 1880.

Application filed December 27, 1879.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LonTs BEG'ON, of the city and county of San Francisco, and State of California, have invented an Improved Standard-Plow; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof.

Figure 1 is a diagram of my principle. Fig. 2 is a horizontal projection of the mold-board. Fig. 3 is a perspective of the same.

My invention consists in a novel construction of the mold-board of plows, whereby I am enabled to turn over and lay the furrowslices in the manner best adapted to the best plowing. It relates only to the geometrical design of the mold-board or plow proper, and not to the beams or handles.

A D, Fig. 2, represent the land-side of the plow. I) is the point of the plowshare, which is wide enough at H to cut horizontally the full width, E H, of the furrow-slice. The upper curved line, D E It B, is the curve that the point E, Fig. 1, describes and follows to come to its new and lasting position, E, to which the upper corner, B,- Fig.2, of the mold-board corresponds. The corner B stands as high as the higher corner, E, of the furrow-slice may re quire for being setin its proper place bythe moldboard. The position of this curved lineD E R B and that of the bottom line, H E K, constitute the special advantages of this plow, the most important of its features being the position of point K. In order to find it we may notice that if the line E I, Fig. 1,.of the slice now plowin g is extended until it meets the bottom line,

A Z, of the furrows, it will strike it at point C,

which is ten inches distant from point E of the next furrow-slice. This distance is equal to the depth E H, and leaves precisely at the bottom of the furrow the room, E O, needed for the evolution around point E of the next furrow-slice, A B H E, the point H of which shall fall upon 0, its side H B coming finally to rest upon the line C I E, and under an angle of forty-five degrees.

The line H R K is the bottom line of the mold-board, Fig. 2. The point K of it corresponds to pointO of Fig. 1, and if we join said point K to the upper corner, B, of the moldboard by the line K B (here seen in projection) we shall have the back end line of the moldboard, which will cover exactly the line C I E.

equal to the depth, as we see from the dia-.

gram, Fig. 1, that each slice must find between the two adjoining slices a room equal to its thickness or depthn0 more, no less; otherwise all the accuracy of the plowing would be destroyed.

The upper and lower lines of the mold-board cross each other at point It, Fig. 2, the line 1 E, Fig. 1, which is gradually raised by the mold-board and has assumed the position I E, when it reaches said point B and stands vertically, resting upon the mold-board, which is built also vertically along said line; then the point E is pushed gradually to its final restin gplace, E, by the advancing curved top line of the moldboard, while in the same time the lower corner, I, of the slice finds room for itself under the receding lower part of said moldboard without any portion of said furrow-slice experiencing from the mold-board any pressure that could cause it to break or push it sidewise to the right.

It is seen in Fig. 1 that such a recess of the lower portion of the mold-board would not be needed back of point B, Fig. 2, if the slice were of such a nature as to preserve theform shown in Fig. 1; but as in most cases the ground would, cave down, extending alongthe line I G, and coming to rest on the bottom of the furrow, it is seen also that the aforesaid recess is absolutely needed for good plowing.

The importance of the position of point K, Fig. 2, is now very apparent, as, if the moldboard were more opened at its back end, there would not be room enough (ten inches) left for placing the slice now plowing between thcback end line, K B, Fig. 2, of the mold-board and the one last plowed, and the consequent pressure would cause the slice to break and cave into the chambers. If, on the contrary, the mold-board were narrower at the back end, there would not be room enough (ten inches) left at the bottom of the furrow for the evolution of the next slice, and hence various causes for a faulty plowing.

To sum up the foregoing, I will say thatthe widest part of the bottom of my mold-board is at the back end of the plowshare at point H, Fig. 2, where it is equal to the width of the furrow-slice, so as to completely out the earth and rootson the bottom side of said slice. Still in the real construction the plowshare is a little wider at point H, to compensate for the wear. From said point H the bottom line, H K, is drawn, nearing more and more to the land-side, and terminating at point K, at a distance from said land-side equal to the depth of the plowing. The upper line of the moldboard, starting from the point D of the plowshare, rises gradually in acurved line, so that the back end of said line, which forms the upper back corner of the mold-board, stands at the height required for placing the correspond- ,ing upper point of the slice now plowing in its proper and lasting position, and at such a distance from the land-side as to have the back end line, K B, of the mold-board inclined to an angle of forty-five degrees, and leaving between itself and the slice previously plowed a distance or a space equal to the depth of the as usual, and can be replaced when needed, and the whole system is attached to beam and handles in some of the ways in use for plows. Also, the plow is, when desired, provided with a colter, which is attached in some of the usual ways, either along and below the beam or along and above the land-side; but said colter is not claimed to be a special part of this invention.

This plow, when applied to the work of which its construction is a counterpart, will make it perfect; but it can be also used as any other plow, on any plowing where the ratio of ten to fourteen between depth and width would not be, as it is often the case, the best to adopt, only in such cases the same perfection cannot be expected.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is'

The mold-board D E R B, curved as shown, and having the point H projecting, as shown, while the line H R K of the exterior lower edge of the mold-hoard converges toward the rear, so that the distance of the point K from the land-side equals the depth of the furrow, substantially as and for the purpose herein described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand,

LOUIS BEGON.

Witnesses:

FRANK A. BROOKS, S. H. NoURsE. 

